Learning Resources

Abstract: While college and university administrators tend to be conscious of the need to integrate financial and budgetary considerations into institutional plans, there are other equally important concerns to weave into planning. Real integrated plans proclaim not only what the organization will invest in and improve on but also what it will cease doing. Priority setting, done properly, includes decisions about shutting down non-priority activities, yet most institutional plans in higher education shy away from such considerations. Mindful of the hard choices that must be made in genuinely integrated plans, college and university leaders must be careful to compose planning teams with diverse sets of participants whose ownership of the plan lends overall legitimacy to the process and the plan itself.

Abstract: “Integrated strategic planning” is a much more collaborative process in its development and execution than the practice of the executive team and/or a consultant simply drafting a plan with the expectation that it will be implemented by others. In this article, the author recounts her unique experience in going through the strategic planning process twice in the same stressful environment of an educational institution beset by financial, cultural, and accreditation challenges. The first plan was unsuccessful because it did little to engage institutional stakeholders as the board and administration did what they separately believed was best. It was drafted by the author in her capacity as an outside consultant and according to the instructions of the then executive team. On the second occasion, the prior president had been replaced by the author. As the new leader of the institution, the author used an integrated planning process. The result was a more meaningful plan as the stakeholders worked together and held each other accountable in its development and execution, leading to a turnaround that saved the school and surprised the community.

Abstract: Higher education institutions are under pressure to make transformative changes aimed at improving key areas of performance: access, affordability, price, and productivity to name a few. Institutions have responded with budget cuts and efficiency gains with incremental success. Yet paradoxically the very success they have achieved has also impeded the transformative change their stakeholders seek.

Many theories exist to support adaptive change in higher education. A single foundational theory of organizational change in industrial enterprises explains the paradox and illustrates how incremental success slows transformative change. Structural contingency theory, introduced by Alfred Chandler in 1962, encapsulates a number of higher education change theories, further grounding practitioners as they assist institutions in adapting to changing conditions and informing their planning efforts.

To achieve transformative change requires a model of integrated planning to synthesize unit improvements into institutional change greater than the sum of its parts. This article presents structural contingency theory to explicate the change process and introduces institutional portfolio management as an operational model of integrated planning. It speaks to an audience of practitioners seeking pragmatic solutions to very real and present problems.

Abstract: The impact of climate-related events poses a major threat to campuses nationwide, a trend expected to only worsen as the climate continues to change. However, a recent study by Haley & Aldrich found that 94 percent of organizations across many sectors—including higher education—are facing significant challenges that are delaying resilience planning and deterring progress. Instead of undertaking measures to address longer-term changes such as increasing temperature extremes, these organizations typically focus on short-term events such as weather-related emergencies. Despite these issues, the study found colleges and universities to be among the most proactive groups in addressing climate change. This is encouraging, as the impact of increasingly severe climate-related events on the aging or otherwise vulnerable infrastructure of many campuses makes planning for climate change a priority. The welfare of students, the continuity of service, and the long-term soundness of the buildings that house some of the world’s finest centers of higher education depend on it.

Abstract: New York was dealt a devastating terrorist attack in 2001, saw the fall of its financial giants in the crisis of 2008, and in 2012 was battered by a powerful storm that flooded its communities. The reality that this waterfront city continues to thrive demonstrates the magnetism of this adaptable place. Through the city’s plan for A Stronger, More Resilient New York, the state’s effort in New York Rising, and outcomes from HUD’s Rebuild By Design Competition resiliency is being implemented. Design with the place in mind is how our firm approaches resiliency. These are the stories and lessons learned from Cooper Robertson’s experience.

Abstract: Campuses are increasingly interested in “greening” as a response to climate change, in recognition of a resource-challenged future, and based on a desire to prepare current and future generations for a world faced with new environmental, social, and economic threats. But where to start? We often look to our facilities personnel to lead the charge with energy efficiency measures and LEED-certified buildings, but how do we institutionalize sustainability and make it part of the fabric of the university? A useful tool for beginning this process or coordinating existing efforts is the creation of a campus sustainability plan that can serve as both a strategic planning document and an implementation guide with specific action items, benchmarks, and accountability strategies. This article provides a script for anyone looking to take on this task and includes a case study from a large public institution with the aim of assisting others in this endeavor and easing their transitions to more sustainable campuses.

Abstract: The location of the new Whitney Museum of American Art, adjacent to the Hudson River in New York City, is particularly sensitive to rising water levels and storm surges. The building, designed by Renzo Piano Building Workshop in collaboration with Cooper Robertson, anticipates the effects of climate change and protects the museum’s staff and collection. This article examines the building’s design and the technical challenges of redesigning and implementing integrated and temporarily deployable flood mitigation strategies and technologies that demonstrate a successful precedent for any institution planning to build on the world’s changing waterfronts.

Abstract: The current study investigated the diversity efforts of 67 new presidents of colleges, universities, and community colleges identified from positions advertised in the Chronicle of Higher Education over a one-year period. Specifically, research sought to assess presidents’ perceptions of diversity and their plans for diversity at their initial time of hire. Findings offered insight into new college presidents’ attention to diversity. If diversity is going to truly take shape at an institution, its leader, often the president, must do what his/her title implies and take the lead.

Abstract: In 2011, after an international competition, the City of New York selected Cornell University to develop a new applied sciences campus on Roosevelt Island. Cornell immediately began to turn its vision for Cornell Tech into reality, creating a graduate-only 21st-century urban university dedicated to technology commercialization and entrepreneurship tailored to the economic strengths and needs of New York City. To meet these ambitious objectives, Cornell would have to break the mold and pursue an approach never before seen in American higher education, including a campus organized solely around multidisciplinary hubs, a unique design that promotes collaborative connectivity, and a focus on third-party development partners to provide many of the campus’s key components.